INTERNET PROTOCOL

INTERNET PROTOCOL

What is a Protocol?

 A Protocol may be a format for exchanging knowledge. Protocols are settings for computers connected to the net. They confirm the speed of information transfer and also the means data is repacked. All computers connecting to the net should use the identical protocol for them to speak with one another.

 Styles of Protocols

 TCP/IP stands for - Transfer property protocol/Internet protocol

 FTP stands for - File Transfer Protocol

 Communications protocol stands for - machine-readable text Transfer Protocol

SHTTP stands for - Secure machine-readable text Transfer Protocol

 TELNET permits Remote access

internet protocol

HOW FTP WORKS...

FTP may be a powerful protocol that permits files to be transferred from "computer A" to "computer B" or contrariwise. FTP works on the principal of a client/server. A shopper program permits the user to act with a server so as to access info and services on the server pc. Files, which will be transferred, are keep on computers referred to as FTP servers.

 The File TransferProtocol is employed to send files from one system to a different below user commands. each text and binary files are accommodated and also the protocol provides options for dominant user access. once a user desires to have interaction in File transfer, FTP sets up a management protocol|TCP|protocol|communications protocol} association to the target system for the exchange of control messages. These allow used ID and positive identification to be transmitted and permit the user to specify the file and file action desired. Once file transfer is approved, a second protocol association is about up for knowledge transfer. The file is transferred over the information association, while not the overhead of headers, or management info at the appliance level. once the transfer is complete, the management association is employed to signal the completion and to just accept new file transfer commands.

HTTP

 Communications protocol is that the protocol that an online browser uses to access and retrieve web content. All World Wide web content are transferred over the net victimization this method. Internet addresses (or URLs) begin with the letters http:// - this lets the browser realize it is suppose to be accessing an online server. The machine-readable text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is Associate in Nursing application-level protocol with the lightness and speed necessary for distributed, cooperative, multimedia info systems. Communications protocol has been in use by the worldwide Internet international info initiative since 1990.

 Communications protocol isn't a protocol for transferring hypertext; rather, it's a protocol for transmittal info with the potency necessary for marking machine-readable text jumps. The information transferred by the protocol will be plain text, hypertext, audio, images, or any Internet-accessible info. Communications protocol may be a transaction-oriented client-server protocol. the foremost typical use of communications protocol is between an online browser and a web server. to produce responsibility, communications protocol makes use of protocol.

 Every dealing is treated severally. A typical implementation can produce a replacement protocol association between shopper and server for every dealing and so terminate the connection, as shortly because the transaction completes, though the specification doesn't dictate this matched relationship between dealing and association lifetimes. Another vital feature of communications protocol is that it's versatile within the formats that it will handle. Once a browser problems asking to a server, it's going to embrace a prioritized list of formats that it will handle, and also the server replies with the acceptable format.

 Understanding net addresses

 What’s a URL?

What will it mean?

How does Internet addresses work?

 Universal resource locator stands for Uniform Resource surveyor and is another name for {an Internet an online Internet} or web address. An online address consists of 4 parts:

 A protocol name

The location of the location

The name of the organization that maintains the location

A suffix that identifies the type of organization it's

For example, a dot COM is employed for an advertisement organization and a dot co dot United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is used for a corporation that trades within the up. For instance, the address- http://www.myknowledgemap.com provides the subsequent information: http: This Internet server uses machine-readable text Transfer Protocol web dot - This website is on the planet Wide Web. My knowledge map - the online server is at the my knowledge map Company. Dot COM - this can be an advertisement establishment.

SHTTP

 SHTTP may be a secure protocol accustomed encode and host sensitive info on the online. This can be notably vital once coping with monetary and counseling. Secure communications protocol was developed by Enterprise Integration Technology (EIT) as a part of the Commerce Net Project in geographic region however has been discharged as a public specification. The system provides security enhancements to the online transport commonplace, machine-readable text transfer protocol (HTTP). It permits shoppers and server to barter severally encoding, authentication, and digital signature ways, in any combination, in each directions. It supports a spread of encoding, triple DES, and others. The employment of SHTTP begins with Associate in nursing exchange of messages that specify security management info like the encoding, hash, and signature algorithms to be employed in every direction. Theses will be fixed on an individual basis for header and content info.

 SHTTP will give confidentiality, authentication, integrity guarantees on a personal file basis. Websites with safety features are used once displaying info like MasterCard numbers, Personal info, passwords and call details. Security for Commerce on the net one amongst the most issues for selling electronically on the net is that the lack of security. 2 general approaches that are broadly speaking representative and possibly the foremost vital as well: the Secure Socket Layer (SSL) from web browser and secure communications protocol (S-HTTP) from Enterprise Integration Technology. For payment systems that give robust security for net purchases of products and services 2 are Secure Electronic Transactions (SET), projected for bankcard transactions by MasterCard and Visa or a additional subtle payment notably in namelessness, is E-cash developed by Digit Cash.

Telnet

 Telnet provides a distant logon capability, that permits a user at a terminal or pc to logon to a distant computer and performance as if directly connected to it computer. The protocol was designed to figure with easy scroll-mode terminals. Telnet is truly enforced in 2 modules: User TELNET interacts with the terminal I/O module to speak with an area terminal. It converts the characteristics of real terminals to the network commonplace, and contrariwise. Server TELNET interacts with Associate in Nursing application, acting as a surrogate terminal handler so remote terminals seem as native to the appliance. Terminal traffic between user and server TELNET is carried on a protocol association. The TELNET application provided a common-denominator terminal. If code was written for every sort of pc to support the "TELNET terminal," one terminal may act with all pc sorts. 

Security for Commerce on the net

 Secure Socket Layer(SSL) Secure Socket Layer provides security at all-time low level of the protocol hierarchy. the safety equipped is clear to the user; it's provided at grade simply higher than the fundamental TCP/IP service. Code victimization protocol usually specifies a "socket" at every finish of a communication that maps the code processes at every finish to the communication. At this level SSL will encode all communication between the sockets on the fly and transparently. Therefore, it will support security for just about any net application. Specifically, electronic message, TELNET, and FTP transactions further, as Internet exchanges will be protected victimization SSL. Most of the SSL method is involved the initial exchange of knowledge to line up the secure channel. The protocol begins with the client-requesting authentication from the server, the request from the shopper specifies the encoding algorithms it understands and has some challenge text. (Challenge text is basically random material that's came in encrypted material to stop retransmission of earlier cipher text, which might diverge challenge text).

 The authentication that's came by the server is within the kind of a certificate with a public-key signature of the server. The authentication additionally includes the server's preferences for encoding algorithms. The shopper then generates a passkey, encrypts with the server's key, and sends the result to the server. The server then returns a message encrypted with the passkey. This secret is accustomed generate the keys used to send messages.